求这个句子的结构分析！在线等

The social obligations that scientists have, as distinct from those responsibilities they share with all citizens (such as supporting a democratic society and taking care of the rights of others), come from them having access to specialized knowledge of how the world works that is not easily accessible to others.
最好详细点，谢谢了，可加分

分析点一:
The social obligations (整句的主语) that scientists have(这三个词是一个由that 引导的定语从句, 用来修饰 obligation),

分析点二:
as distinct from those responsibilities they share with all citizens (as 作为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句 as 这里的作用 正如 下面的例子
as different from you, I like the red one
(前提是你喜欢蓝色) ,这里我就说和你不同的是,我喜欢红的
后面的they share with all citizens 是修饰的those responsibilities. 和前面分析点一里一样,只是这里少了that,that在这里是可以省略的, 所以还是被省略了引导词的定语从句修饰those responsibilities. 翻译为与所有公民共同承担的那些责任 那么从as 到responsibilities 的整个翻译就是说 "不同于那些他们(科学家)与所有公民共同承担的责任"

分析点三:
(such as supporting a democratic society and taking care of the rights of others),括号里的这部分只是简单的举例子 说明 科学家和其他公众都有的社会责任 是一个,用and连接的并列句.

分析点四:
come from them having access to specialized knowledge of how the world works that is not easily accessible to others.
整个句子的主语是the social obligations
在这里才出现本句的谓语 come, from是介词 from 后面就是宾语
至于宾语,你不经奇怪,为什么宾语这么长,这里他没有用宾语从句, 因为 from 这个介词后面本来就要接ing 形式的动词, 作为宾语,我只要换一个词你就可以看懂,只要把them 换成their
变成 come from thier having access to .....,正如 i dont like you go out 本来like 后面是可以接doing sth, 那么我就可以把这个从句 (that被省略了)you go out转为 i dont like your going out 是一样的道理 英语是个很活的语言.只要不是语法错误,怎么变换形式也不为过
having access to specilized knowledge of 直到这里才又出现了下一个 从句 how the world works 作为knowledge的定语从句 that is not easily.............则是又是另个定语从句,修饰knowledge 译为 别人难接触到的知识

分析 总结

那么可以把整个句子改写成几句话,就好理解了,改写如下
Scientists shoulder social responsibilities in two senses. On the one hand, they, like all citizens, have the obligations such as supporting a democratic society and respecting the rights of others. On the other hand, scientists have other social obligations. And the latter is based on the fact that scientists are able to understand knowledge about the nature of
the world while common citizens have fewer chances for mastering such knowledge.科学家们肩负着双重社会责任,其一, 和所有公民一样, 他们有义务去支持一个民主社会,也需要尊重他人权利. 另一方面,,因为他们懂的知识 是其他公民很少有机会去接触的,所以 他们就有了属于他们专门肩负的社会责任
希望帮到你 !

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